Mold design The mold structure with reasonable mold structure can not only meet the quality requirements of the product, but also process, assembly and maintenance are very convenient, and the die life is high, which can meet the requirements of mass production. According to the process analysis, the summary of the field debugging experience and the mold repair process, we determined that the working part of the convex and concave die of the through hole shaping die adopts the die structure as shown in the figure. The punch is fixed between the fixing seat and the positioning block, and the upper and lower parts are required to be used in the forward and reverse directions, and the positioning block and the fixing base are bolted. The die is sleeved. Practice has proved that the convex and concave mold structure is reliable and easy to maintain.
Since the material of the mold is hardened by the turning, the blanking force and the turning hole shaping force are large, the material of the crimping ring of the main force component of the die is made of steel. In addition, in the process of turning the hole, due to the high strength, large contact area, high contact surface temperature, and a large amount of heat generated during the deformation process, and acting on the surface of the convex and concave mold in the form of thermal stress, the mold surface is changed and The contact property between the surfaces of the metal materials causes the metal to easily adhere to the surface of the mold 1 during the turning process to form a cemented tumor, thereby leaving marks of abrasion and napping on the surface of the material inside the oil seal hole. Therefore, the convex and concave mold material should be selected from the alloy tool steel and the hard alloy material which are different from the metal material 123. Considering the forming characteristics of the oil seal hole of the gear chamber cover, the punch material is made of tungsten-cobalt type hard alloy 45/, and the die material is made of alloy tool steel 6789:.
Reasonable mold gap In the process of turning hole shaping, if the gap between the convex and concave molds is large, wrinkles which are difficult to eliminate are prone to occur; if the gap between the convex and concave molds is small, the material is easily thinned, and the parts are easily cracked, and Increase frictional resistance and create mucosa, reducing mold life. During the boring process, the metal material is subjected to a large compressive stress in the direction of the plate thickness, and the change in the state of the compressive stress will improve the performance of the material. Moreover, since the punching direction is opposite to the direction of the turning hole, the burr is eliminated, the stress concentration is reduced, and the port portion is not easily cracked.
The precision of the oil seal hole of the gear chamber cover is high, and the selection of a reasonable mold gap is the key to ensure the forming. The turning of the gear chamber cover oil seal hole is different from the round hole flange which we often say, and it is also different from the thinned flange. It is a kind of hole flanging between the round hole flanging and the thin flanging edge. Therefore, the value of the turning die die gap can neither take the thickness of the round hole and indicate the material thickness. When thin flanging, it should be between. After long-term debugging practice, we take the unilateral gap of the convex and concave mold, that is, the main innovation point of this process scheme proposes a new process parameter of the tumbling die, that is, the die gap is taken to ensure the product requirements of the oil seal hole.
A new boring die structure is proposed. The advantage of the mold structure is that the upper and lower sides of the punch can be universal; the structure is reliable, and the gap of the convex and concave mold is easy to adjust, which is convenient for maintenance.
A new mold material was used. Considering the forming characteristics of the oil seal hole of the gear chamber cover, the punch material is made of tungsten-cobalt type hard alloy/0, and the die material is made of alloy tool steel.
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The strength index of steel by elastic stress e, yielding stress y, and tensile stress u, the design of the steel yield strength as the foundation, the high yield strength can reduce the weight of structure, save steel, reduce cost. The ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress of U steel can withstand before failure, the structure due to plastic deformation and loss of performance, but the structure and deformation of structure does not collapse, meet the requirements of earthquake resistance. The size of the sigma u/ sigma y can be considered as a parameter for the strength reserve of steel.
2, plasticity
The plasticity of steel generally refers to the fact that the stress exceeds the yield point and has a remarkable plastic deformation without breaking. The main measure of steel plastic deformation ability is elongation and contraction rate of psi.
3, cold bending property
The cold bending property of steel is to measure the resistance of steel to crack when it is bent at normal temperature and produces plastic deformation. The cold bending property of steel is tested by cold bending test to ensure the bending deformation of steel under specified bending degree.
4, impact toughness
The impact toughness of steel material are subjected to impact load, a kind of ability in the fracture process of mechanical energy absorption, is a measure of the impact resistance of steel load effects may be due to stress concentration, temperature, and mechanical properties lead to a brittle fracture. Generally, the impact toughness index of steel is obtained by impact test of standard specimen.
5. Welding performance
The weldability of steel is a welding joint with good performance under certain welding conditions. Welding performance can be divided into two types: welding performance and welding performance. Welding performance in the process of welding refers to the welding process and the welding seam near the metal does not produce thermal crack or cooling, does not produce cooling shrinkage crack sensitivity. Welding performance is good, refers to the welding process under certain conditions, weld metal and nearby parent material does not produce cracks. The welding performance on service performance refers to the impact toughness at the weld and the ductility in the heat affected zone. The mechanical properties of the steel in the weld and the heat affected zone are not less than the mechanical properties of the base metal. China adopts the welding property test method of welding process, and also adopts the welding property test method of usability and property.
6, durability
There are many factors that affect the durability of steel. First of all, the poor corrosion resistance of steel, and must take protective measures to prevent corrosion of steel corrosion. Protective measures are: to maintain regular steel paint, galvanized steel, with acid, alkali, salt and other corrosive medium conditions, with special protective measures, such as offshore platform structure using "anode protection" measures to prevent the corrosion of the jacket, the jacket is fixed on the zinc ingots, seawater electrolytes will automatically first corrosion of zinc ingots, in order to protect the function of steel jacket. Second, because of the high temperature and long-term load, the damage strength of steel is lower than the short-term strength, so the long-term strength of steel must be measured. The steel will automatically harden and become brittle over time, i.e. "aging". The impact toughness of steel under low temperature load shall be examined
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